Codes and Conventions of Horror Films

• Ceepy child who has come back from the dead
• Usually a bathroom is involved, a shower
• Low lighting to create a dark effect and increase the scare factor
• A sleeping teen as this is when the killing or ghosts are seen
• An abandoned or deserted house or woods
• Young and innocent teens are usually the main feature in the film 
• There are usually a lot of close ups, point of view shot and low angle shots which make the audience feel a part of the film as they will feel included in the suspense 
• A mysterious phone call, usually from the dead or a threatening comment 
• Involves running, usually away from the villain  
• A paranormal or supernatural theme usually runs through horrors as this is what people associate with horrors
• Creepy music playing in the background
• Home alone

Initial Ideas - Horror

We have decided that a horror trailer would allow us to explore our creativity both with the film making and  the editing. We are initially thinking about making a paranormal type trailer where we will include the devil as our antagonist where the character will cause fear in the other characters and will potentially cause harm to them. We can do this by using prosthetic's and therefore making any cuts or grazes seem real.We will try and practice this before filming to make sure we know what we want the outcome to look like. This will be effective because it will look realistic and make the viewing experience better. Our main outcome of this trailer is to make it scary and jumpy so that the audience will become more tensed and therefore further engaged. By making the main antagonist dark and creepy will add scariness to our trailer and is also something which the audience may expect. However, we want to add something that the audience will not necessarily expect to see so that the trailer becomes more effective and therefore engages them.

We have taken some inspiration from these films as these include the devil as the main antagonist even though the audience cannot see him. This also creates tension for the audience as they will become fearful and will want to see the rest of the film. We think that this will be a good idea to follow in some aspects so that the conventions of a horror are correctly followed so that we create a trailer that looks realistic. These posters show the dark lighting and the use of red writing to connote danger and fear, conforming to the conventions of a horror film.

Change in ideas

As our group this year was to big for the course, we decided to separate into a group of 2. As we have done this, our ideas have changed originally from an action genre. We have now decided to make a horror trailer as we felt as though many people are doing different to this. A horror will enable us to explore a more creative side to film making as well as being able to incorporate some of the conventions which are expected of a horror. For example, we will have a female who is very dependent as though she is the victim and needs saving as well as some dark lighting and mysterious character.

We feel as though a paranormal or spiritual theme would work well as these are quite challenging in the sense of being able to make things work without being seen. At this point in time we are currently planning to make something that will include both an angel and devil so that the horror side is portrayed differently. We would not have someone to act out the angel as this would not be as effective whereas the devil we may have to get someone to be able to make the noises so that it seems more realistic.

Target Audience For Horror

In a horror film, the audience that generally go to see them are male and at the ages of 15-35 as this is the age where they tend to feel the most fearful. I think that the ages starts at 15 because this is the general certificate for horror films and that they will want to see a horror much more than older men. I think that men will enjoy a horror much more than women because they prefer something that they can relate to in the sense that they like to act brave but they still like some sort of thriller to scare them.

Most couples will go to horrors as the male will play the role of the protector and the woman can hide into his shoulder. Most couples go to see horrors recently rather than a romantic comedy.

As this table shows, the majority of people that went to see a horror film were from the lower working class. This could be because stereotypically the lower class tend to prefer being scared as they think of it as a joke and that they tend to go around scaring others suggesting that they like the sense of fear and spreading it to other people around them. Also, the highest amount of people that went were between the ages of 15- 24 which suggests that because they are a younger audience that they prefer being scared compared to an elder audience. This may suggest why the lower class went to see more horror films as between that age range they will not have a well paid job and so will be considered as the working class. 

Genre for this year - Action

This year we have chosen to create an action film as we thought that this will challenge us and allow us to develop creativity with editing as well as the film making. An action film is quite interesting as its covers a wide range of story lines that we can achieve well by following the conventions. We need to be successful in identifying the genre of the film without any miss leading crossovers with other genres so that we can conform to the audience expectations of an action film, further making their viewing experience better. We will also need to ensure that the locations included in our film are easily shown as popular and well known settings as these are a common convention in an action film. An action film will allow us to be able to broaden our knowledge also as last year I studied a romance, meaning we had to follow the usual expectations closely to make it easily identifiable whereas doing an action gives us more chance to be creative and therefore produce something that conforms to an action film.

There are some limitations that come along with doing an action film. These can be not being able to drive fast because of the restriction of roads. We would also not be able to use weaponry so we would ensure that if we used anything that they would be plastic. We would also need to ensure that everyone taking part will be free for the days which we are filming so that we produce something as a team. If we decide to film in a busy place we would have to ensure that the people who have not given consent to be filmed are not on camera. In a busy place we wouldn't be able to ask everyone for their consent therefore, might restrict us as to where we can film.

The Conjuring - Film Poster

Target Audience for an Action film

Target Audience

The audience for an action film is usually male and and between the ages of 12-24. This is because the films usually have a certificate of 12/15 which can maximize the viewing of the film. I think action films appeal to a male audience because they prefer the fast pace and fight scenes where as women prefer a comedy or a romantic film. A lot of teenagers and young adults will enjoy action films as they have a lot of fighting and explosions which they like. I think that the modern places action films are set  engage the audience because they will know the popular destinations of the film. I think that men prefer the tension in films because they will become engages and feel a part of the film. This could be of the particular situation or because its entertaining to them. I feel that teenagers like fighting games which they may feel the action films will include. This will help them understand the film better as they will know games which involve action.

I think that some films are turned into games which makes the teenage audience want to see the film and also will attract them to the action genre. Boys like to experiment with stunts and fighting which is another reason why I think that teenage boys tend to see an action film more. Also, I think that an action is much more masculine which allows the protagonist in the film to inspire them to either look like them or to act like how they do. This may be because it attracts female attention or they want to seem more powerful. 

Initial Ideas

We are thinking of doing a trailer for an action genre as this will challenge us to create something exciting and engaging to a wider audience. Action trailers will usually include weaponry, explosions and a wide range of shots such as establishing shots and extreme close ups. There should also be fast paced editing to show the scenes of fighting which will further engage the audience. We will try and include as many of these conforming conventions so that the audience can expect to see a good action film. We target our trailer at a male audience of young adults and middle aged as stereotypically they like to see a film that includes guns and fast cars.



We have taken inspiration from The Avengers and The Equilizer as these trailers creates suspense and builds tensions throughout, further engaging the target audience. These trailers both include fast paced editing and fighting scenes which are conventions of an action. They both also hold the attention of the audience so that they would want to go and see the film to find out what happens. This is usually done by the music being fast paced and usually creating tension or keeping the audience in suspense. Also the use of the actors names in these trailers allow the audience to see who is in the film and further engages them as they may have seen the films that they have previously been in and so will want to see these. In our trailer we will ensure that we have the names of the actors shown clearly so that they can be easily identified and therefore the audience will be able to notice them better.

History of Action films

In the 1920's and 1930's action films were just adventure films with the use of swords as they never had the money to actually used things like CGI and weaponry.

This improved in the 1940's and 1950's where action took a new direction towards war and cowboy films. This take was based on the the events that happened at that time, suggesting that the producers of these films were keeping films current and within the same era. This is where the popular film series James Bond started with the use of gadgets and weaponry.



The 1970's was a big turning point for action films with new storylines that included detective and crime dramas. Many restrictions had been lifted on films so the use of language and adult content were allowed to be shown. Martial arts films become popular in the 70s and further inspired the bigger budgeting films.

In the 1980's, Hollywood producers would hire actors to make some of the first big blockbuster films. This is where the film 'Indiana Jones' started to become popular as a well known action film. By the end of the 1980's action films started to know what good conventions to used to make a successful film.

In the 1990's CGI was a big thing where many films started to use it. This made the films have a higher budget, therefore bring the quality of the film up. The film 'Batman' shows the success of the use of CGI and therefore is why the film industry still uses it today.



The 2000's saw the use of CGI become more frequent in films. This could be due to the fact that technology is growing and improving as the years go on. This also ensures that the audience gain the best viewing experience possible. Also the use of fast cars, shown in the series 'fast and furious', became prominent in this era.

This Is England - Film Trailer

To open this trailer, the first shot used is an establishing shot of what seems to be a beach telling the audience where the film is set. The sound is also light, predominantly guitar, showing that this film could possibly be a drama. Fade to black is used to show the change in location where next there is a young boy shown through a medium shot suggesting that he is the main protagonist in the film. He is wearing what seems to be a tracksuit suggesting that he comes from a deprived area, where his family may lack money. A tracking shot is used to follow the boy walking along the street showing that he is travelling. The way he is slouched shows his class which appears to be lower. A fade to black is again used to show the change in location where is diegetic sound is used to show what seems to be this boys mother asking how his day was. The boy is shown through a long shot so that the audience can see the inside of his house which is messy suggesting that he is of a lower status. A voice over is used to show the boy saying how he is being "picked" on at school because of the way he is dressed suggesting that he cannot afford nicer clothes so he is more likely to get bullied.

A close up is used to show two other younger boys suggesting that these are the characters which are picking on the main protagonist as they are shown to be pointing at him. The younger boy is then shown, slouching on the sofa suggesting that he is sad or depressed because of the bullying. A close up is the used to show his mother who says "whats wrong with your trousers?" suggesting that she is acting in a maternal way, which is what a mother should be. A long shot is used to show the two sat on the sofa together where they are both slouched showing that they are a lower status.

The camera then cuts to what seems to be a play ground where through a two shot shows two males who are wearing suits and trilbies suggesting that they are of a higher class. The diegetic sound continues as one of the males whistles to the main protagonist. Shot reverse shot is used to show the main protagonist reacting to the whistle. The boy who whistled is then shown through a close up where he says "The woodstocks that way pal" showing that he is picking on the main protagonist and also by using "pal" shows the setting of the film. A medium shot is used to show the main protagonist running towards the male and ending up in a fight with him again conforming to the stereotypes of being lower class.

A fade to black is used where a black screen is used to show the words "England 1983" showing that this is when and where the film is set. Different non-diegetic music is used to show the change in editing. Fast paced editing and music is used to show famous clips from the past which the audience may be able to recognize. The scene then cuts back to the young boy where he is explaining how he preferred it when his dad was there. A close up is used to show a photo of his dad in army uniform, suggesting that he is in war or died in war.

A change in music is then used to more upbeat and happy where the young boy is shown in a two shot sat with older guys. This suggests that he is possibly seeking an older male for a role model since his dad has gone. He does various activities throughout the trailer with these older friends such as shaving his head.

The editing then changes with the music to show the difference in him and how he has transformed. However, through a two shot, he is shown laughing and rolling around on a bed showing his young and innocent side still. He joins a group of 'skinheads' where they are shown through close up shots, making them seem more intimidating. One of the 'skinheads' is always there for him as when the young boy gets picked up and thrown out of a shop, the older guy comes in threatening him.

The use of the diegetic sound "der" shows the area which this film is set in and gives the audience an insight into what life was like around that time in other areas. Fast paced editing is used to show different scenes within the film, giving an insight into what the audience can expect to see. The genre seems to be an action film because of the amount of violence shown, such as fight scenes.

Targets for film making

Some targets I would like to set myself for film making this year are:

• To use a tripod to film as this will ensure that the footage is steady and not shaky so that the quality of the film will be higher.
• A good 1080p camera so that the footage is filmed in high definition instead of being grainy and blurred.
• As we are in a bigger group this year, I will ensure that everyone gets a say in what happens so that all of our ideas are shown and worked out in a professional manner. 
• I would like to have more knowledge and understanding of the genre, which can be done through research, as this will make the production more effective and possibly gain a higher grade. 
• When it comes to editing, I would like to make sure that everyone plays apart. We should all have our parts to do such as picking music for the trailer. 

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Magazine Cover 1

Fantastic Four - Film Poster

Peter Pan - Film Poster

Wanted - Film Poster

Love Rosie - Film Poster

The Hole - Film Poster

Women In Black - Film Trailer

The opening to 'The Woman In Black' starts off with dark screens to show the credits where all that can be heard is the wind. A long shot is then used to show a room full of old furniture conforming to the horror genre, especially when ghosts are the main antagonist in these films. A close up of one of the dolls is shown, where she is covered in spiders webs and not well kept. Another close up is used to show some more of the dolls, but an extreme close up is used to show one of the hands playing music. A long shot is shown of a carriage being pulled by horses showing that this film is set a few years ago. This helps the audience know more about the film therefore making them want to go and see it. More close ups are used to show the dolls playing different instruments. This adds to the background music whilst the other clips are playing. An establishing shot is used to show an old house so that the audience is able to see where the film is set and that the genre is horror due to the creepiness of the house. A long shot is then shown of a long, dark hallway conforming to the genre of a horror as the lighting is dark and the slow, tension building music is playing as non diegetic sound. A voice over is used by what sounds like a young girl, conforming again to the horror genre because there is usually a vulnerable little girl in these films. Some black and white photos are shown of what seems to be outside of the same house that was previously shown. This suggests that these are families who have lived in that house and who may be haunting it now. A three shot is used to show young girls sat playing on the floor, but they slowly turn their heads. As the music starts to get quicker, so does the editing. A birds eye view shot is used to show the horse and carriage again and another picture is shown, this time the eyes have been scratched out. Another picture is shown with a woman standing at the window dressed in black. This links to the title and further suggests that she is the woman that haunts the house. A close up is used to show a male, which is the male who is travelling in the carriage. As a close up is used it suggests that it was used so that the audience are able to recognise the actor. More establishing shots are used to show the setting of the film as well as the era that it is set in. Another close up is used to show the male walking into the house which is dark and mysterious. The music is also speeding up along with the editing suggesting that they have been matched to engage the audience. A medium shot is shown of the male sat down, but as he is one side of the screen the audience can see a shadow moving behind him, conforming to a horror genre. Fast paced editing is used so that the trailer builds tension, keeping the audience attracted to the film. The scenes show close ups of the dolls as well as other shots of people rising from the ground. A close up is used to show the male but so that the audience can see his facial expressions which seems scared. More fast paced editing is used to build tension in the trailer. The scenes are dark, conforming to a horror film. The music cuts out again and goes back to the sound that was played at the start of the trailer. Black screens are used to show the fear and hiding of the characters. The actors names are shown which will appeal to the audience more because then they will know previous films that they have been in, therefore wanting to go and see the film. The sound of the wind returns as the male stands at the window. A black shadow then appears next to him which suggests that the woman in black is watching him and following him. The titles of the film is then shown to end the trailer with the sound of the wind still present.

The Hole - Film Trailer

The opening of this trailer is an establishing shot to show a house but with a sign out side. The next shot is a low angle shot where a young boy is pulling the 'sold' sign out of the ground. A long shot is then used to show a girl sat on a chair reading a book which suggests that she is hiding something due to her covering her face with the book. A three shot is used to show another younger male and an older female suggesting that they are a family who have just moved house. The use of the black screen with the production credits on, shows the smoke in the background, conforming to a horror with the dark and creepy side. The sound is quite low pitched, and in some areas quite suggesting that it is used to build tension for the audience and keep them engaged and excited. The next scene is of the younger boy carrying a box down into basement, which seems quite dark, connoting to a horror as this is usually where the main event happens. The next shot is of the younger male and the boy, with the girl from next door uncovering a locked hole in the floor. This links to the title of the film and gives the audience an insight for what the film is about. A close up is used to show the hatch of the hole being lifted and with smoke coming out and then disappearing. This lighting is still quite dark which conforms to a horror genre. A low angle shot is used looking from inside the hole out, where the older boy is standing looking in. This suggests that the boy is vulnerable to what will happen with the hole. A three shot is used where all of the characters are looking in whilst holding string, suggesting that they are trying to find the bottom of the hole or something that is there. The diegetic sound between the characters is talking where the female is describing what it is like. This engages the audience as they will want to find out more about what happens with the hole and why it is so important. The next shot is again from inside the hole looking up as the younger boy tips a box of nails into the hole. The camera then follows one of the nails as the music gets louder, building tension for the audience. The next clip is of the words "deep in the darkness" suggesting that the film is a horror that is dark and creepy. The next clip is of the hatch, that is closed, being pushed up by some force. The next shot is a close up of a creepy looking girl with dark eyes suggesting that she is the antagonist. The music gets faster as the girl peers under a toilet door to see a creepy looking lower half of what could be the girl shown through the previous close up. The lighting then turns dark, suggesting that something happens there, but as it cuts out it means that the audience will want to go and see the film to find out what happens. The next shot is of the words "where your fears hide" suggesting that this is a film about fears coming to life, potentially from the hole. The younger boy is then shown holding a torch where he turns around slowly and sees a clown. The camera then cuts to a close up so the audience are able to see the scariness of the clown doll and how it winks. This suggests that the clown doll is the younger boys fear. The scene then goes back to the toilet where a dark shadow is shown to be walking closer to the camera which conforms to the horror genre due to the creepiness and the dark antagonist. In the next scene, the camera starts of as an over the shoulder shot so that the audience can see inside the mirror where this young, creepy girl is standing. The camera then follows the other girl as she turns her head. The next clip is of the young boy running up to the door and trying to open it. He then falls onto the kitchen floor where a birds eye view is used to show that he is also vulnerable in this film. Shot reverse shot is used to show the door handle and the young boy. In the second shot of the door handle, it begins to start turning where through a close up of the boy, he looks scared. The clip then shows what else the directer has directed, engaging the audience so that they are able to see other well known films that may been in the same genre. Another older man is shown, saying "you took the locks off?" suggesting that he knows about the hole and what it does when you open it. A close up is then shown of the hatch of the hole with the screws coming undone with nobody doing it, conforming to the horror genre as this is quite dark and scary. A close up of the older boy is shown saying "someone is in the house" conforming to a horror genre as this is usually what is expected. A birds eye view is shown of the younger boy laying on a lilo in a pool where the camera then shoots up from the water so that the audience can see the boy being dragged under. The young boy is then shown standing at a window banging on it showing that he is scared. A dark figure is then shown through a low angle shot suggesting that he is meant to be a scary character in the film and further engages the audience. Fast paced editing is used to show different scenes of the characters being haunted by their fears which conforms to a horror genre as this is a convention of a horror film. The music also increases speed, building tension in the audience so that they will want to go and see the film. The next scene is of the older boy jumping down into the hole with rope tied to him suggesting that he doesn't know what to expect. The hatch on the hole is shut fast suggesting that this is meant to add suspense to the trailer, making the audience want to see the film more. The final clip is of the clown doll laughing and being pulled up quickly so that the audience have a sense of thrill and scariness as the trailer ends.

7 Minutes - Film Poster

7 Minutes - Film Trailer

The opening of this trailer starts out with a close up of a clock showing the time 8:29am. As the camera pans in, the time changes to 8:30am which could mean that it is meant to be a memorable time. Meanwhile, the sound is of a clock ticking, building tension for the audience. An older male is then shown through a close up where he is driving a car. This conforms to an action genre as many of these involve some form of driving. Another male is shown through a close up as he is putting on a mask, suggesting that he will want to keep his identity hidden. This again conforms to an action genre because masked antagonists are used to connote mystery and thrill. Two other males are shown through a close up putting on masks suggesting that the film is about these characters. One of the males is then shown through a close up shot in a mirror. The background is faded showing that he is the focus of the film and that he is possibly looking for something or someone. The male is then shown through a medium shot, but the camera very quickly cuts to show a woman who is pregnant, suggesting that this could possibly be his girlfriend or wife. Next, the three men are shown getting out of the car which they appear to be doing very slowly. A fade to black is used to then show another one of the males sat in the car. The ticking sound is still used to suggest that they are running out of time for something. It also builds tension for the audience which will engage them to the trailer, further making them want to go and watch the film. The next scene is of the men braking into a building. Through a long shot, the audience can see that the characters are wearing the masks and have weaponry conforming to the genre of action. A low angle shot is used to show other one of the characters wearing a mask making it look like that he is hitting someone with his gun. This will engage the audience because they will find think that they apart of the film. The next scene is of one of the characters pointing his gun at someone. The other male character then says "Sam" in a questioning tone, suggesting that even with his mask on people can still tell who he is. An establishing shot is then used to show a house, which is one of the males home. Another establishing shot is used to show the outside of a jail, which conforms to an action again with the frequent use of establishing shots. The next scene, the lighting is quite dark suggesting that the men are hiding something, again engaging the audience and making them want to go and see the film to find out what happens. Another long shot is used to show the inside of a house. The camera cuts to a close up of another male who offers the men "$62,000" which conforms to an action film because the use of money used as a bribe. A close up shot is used to show one of the males driving the car, which then turns to be a three shot with them sat in a triangle shape. Fast paced editing and music is then used to show that the genre of the film is an action but to also engage the audience further into the trailer. The words "out of luck" are then shown suggesting that the men are on a time limit and that they are too late. This links back to the start of the trailer where the ticking sound was.  More fast paced editing is used as one of the males is pushed down the stairs and the man at the top is pointing a gun at him. The sound is quite loud and harsh which conforms to an action film. This goes alongside the editing as it is quite fast paced but not rushed. Another dark scene happens suggesting that the men are in hiding or that they are watching out for someone. A close up of a bag is also shown soon after, filled with guns, conforming to an action film as this is what you'd typically see. The next scene, all of the characters are masked suggesting that they use these when they are out fighting so that people cannot identify them. Again, fast paced editing is used to show the genre of the film and highlight the fight scenes. Most of the characters in this scene have some form of weaponry. The sound is harsh and rushed, linking to the fast paced cuts that are used. Reviews are then shown between clips so that the audience know if the film is worth going to see or not. A voice over is used to highlight the fighting between the 4 men. More gun shots are used, as well as sparks to conform to an action film. Finally, in the titles the "7" looks like a gun, linking to an action film and what the film contains.

Analysis of AS production

Some strengths were:

• It was easily identified as a romantic film due to the looks over the shoulder.
• Camera work was very professional as there wasn't much jump cutting.
• The use of the cut when walking upstairs was good.
• Following the protagonist so the audience felt like they were there with her.
• The setting suited the film.
• The use of match-on-action was good. 
• The way we introduced the female character made it seem like she was lonely showing that the audience can relate when starting a new school.

Some areas which needed improving were:

• A conversation so that the audience can clearly see the protagonist.
• If we used a tripod to stop the shakiness of the footage.
• Used more close ups and establishing shots.
• The background noise was very loud so it was very difficult to hear the conversations.

Love, Rosie - Film Trailer

The opening of the trailer starts off with two young children, a boy and a girl, standing behind a globe where they seem to be pointing out places. A black screen appears with black writing across it, saying 'Rosie & Alex' suggesting that these are the names of the children that have been shown. The next scene is of the two grown up on a beach, shown through a long shot so that the audience can see that they are joined by friends. The blank screen appears again with 'are best friends' written underneath the previous wording, telling extra information to the audience. The music is quite happy and upbeat, conforming to the romance genre. The next scene is of Alex taking a picture of Rosie jumping in the air, suggesting that they have gone travelling together. The blank screen appears again with the wording below saying 'that's the problem'. This engages the audience as they will want to know why being friends is a problem. The scene after is a long shot showing a campfire with lots of people sat around it. Alex and Rosie are sat together, with Alex looking over Rosie's shoulder. Another male is shown through a long shot, which introduces him to the audience. He is the only character in this shot to be facing forward suggesting that he is important in the film. A close up of Rosie is then shown so that the audience are aware of her facial expressions. Diegetic sound is introduced by her talking about a school dance. An over the shoulder shot is then used to show Alex talking. The use of shot reverse shot is used to show the conversation between the characters. However when Rosie is talking about how 'hot he is' a close up of Alex is used to show his facial expressions to the audience. In this case he seems let down, suggesting that he likes her but she possibly doesn't like him in the same way. A fade to black is used to show the change in scene, where an establishing shot is then used to show a house, possibly one of the main characters. An over the shoulder, medium shot is used to show Alex getting ready for what seems like the school party as he is wearing a suit. The use of diegetic sound is used to show that he is talking to someone else, which soon after, Rosie is shown. The music then cuts out as Rosie talks about how she should wear a bra. The music cutting out is used so that the punch line of the joke can be heard by the audience, engaging them further as they will think that the film is a funny film. A close up is then used to show Alex's reaction to this, which he stumbles, suggesting that he finds her attractive and that he likes her. Another establishing shot is used to show the venue of the school party as many people are entering dressed formally. Rosie is shown through a two shot with the other male character that was previously shown. This suggests that Rosie and this other male are become close. However, a close up is used of Rosie to show her looking over at Alex, suggesting that she would rather be with him. Alex also is shown through a long shot dancing with another female character. Another shot slides in where Alex is sat in his car. He is sat smiling as he says an inappropriate word, suggesting that the film is aimed at a young adult audience as they would understand this typical language. A blank screen is then shown with "based on the best selling novel" which will engage the audience to go and watch the film and to also buy the book. Fast paced editing is used as Rosie is shown running down the hall way. She has a urgent tone to her voice as she is talking to Alex on the phone. This suggests that they are close enough to tell each other anything. A blank screen is used again with "from the author of P.S I love you" written across it, engaging the audience further as if they have read that book then they would possibly want to see this film. Alex is then shown through an over the shoulder shot talking to Rosie. The use of shot reverse shot shows the conversation between the characters, with Alex being shown through a close up. This suggests that the audience are to sympathize with him as we are closer to him. A low angle shot is then used as the pharmacist places a pregnancy test on the counter. A text speech bubble appears suggesting that this is the main communication between the two characters. A close up is then used of Rosie as she is hugging Alex, suggesting that he is going away. A fade to black is then used to show along shot of Alex waving back to Rosie suggesting that he is going to miss her. The globe is then shown with Rosie in a medium shot so that the audience can see that she has a baby. She points to the globe to stop it spinning, which an extreme close up is used to show where she pointed to. In this case it happens to be where Alex is. The next scene is of a video message from Alex and this other girl who announce that they are getting married. An over the shoulder shot of Rosie is used to show her reaction to this where she says "congratulations". Her facial expression is though she is shocked and taken back. Alex is then shown through a close up where he seems quite down and his eyes are red as if he has been crying. This suggests that he isn't to happy about what is happening. After a few scenes, an establishing shot is used to show a beach, suggesting that Rosie lives near a beach. A close up of Rosie is shown as she seems to be quite sad as she is looking down. Alex is then shown through a medium shot which he is doing the same sort of action. He is texting Rosie about how much he misses her. The camera then cuts to Rosie in a close up, which she is smiling suggesting that she feels the same way. A voice over is then introduced conforming to a romance genre. In this voice over there are scenes of Alex and Rosie together mainly through close ups which suggests that they are close. The non diegetic sound suggests that they miss each other and that they love each other. The voice over ends with "love you" suggesting that Rosie loves him. She says this through a close up so that the audience is able to see her emotions. The title of the film "love, Rosie" is then shown in red, connoting love and passion.

The 5th Wave - Film Trailer

This trailer opens with a long shot of a girl walking towards a destroyed building. The sound is faint which suggests that it is building tension. The abandoned building suggests that the film is to do with fighting or signifying a war. A medium shot is used to show the girl. This is used to show her clothes, which are dirty and she looks unclean, suggesting that she doesn't have a home or anywhere to shower. The medium shot also enables the audience to see the facial expressions of the girl, which in this case she seems very scared. An establishing shot is then used to show where she is heading. This is a petrol station, which is where she is possibly looking for something or someone. The camera then cuts to inside of the station where she is shown looking around. A close up is then used to show her hand picking up some tin food. As she has a bag on her, she might have run away from home. A loud bang is then heard; through a close up, the girl is shown to quickly turn her head. This enables the audience to be introduced to the character. A fade to black is then used where the camera shows an isle with a door at the end. A medium shot is then shown of the girl, walking towards the door but pointing a gun, suggesting that she is defending herself or she is fearful as to what is behind the door. A close up is then used to show her pushing the door open with the end of her gun. This builds tension and will further engage the audience in the trailer as they will want to know what is behind the door. Match on action is used as a cut to inside the room is used to show the girl pushing the door open. A medium shot is used to show an older man sat down in the corner, pointing a gun at the girl. He tells her to "drop the weapon" in which she replies "you first" in a harsh tone, suggesting that she is scared. A close up is used of the man's hand lowering the gun to the floor. Shot reverse shot is used to show the conversation between the two and where he says "if you were one of them, you'd have shot me already" suggesting that there is someone else that is killing innocent people. By not saying who these people are, further engages the audience as it means that they will want to find out who these people are. An extreme close up is shown of a finger on the trigger of the gun which suggests that she is defending herself. The music then fades out into more tension building music, which the production credits are shown with. The scene changes to inside a home with a TV on. A male is shown on the TV as he is giving a news report, which suggests that he is giving information out about what the audience has previously seen. The girl is then shown through a long shot, sitting with 3 other characters. These look like her family members. They are all sat down watching the news report. A medium shot is then used to show another male, in army uniform, suggesting that he is going to fight something. As the news report is still going on the family is then shown walking out of their house looking up. A low angle shot is used to show the family standing on the pavement and, what seems like, a UFO in the sky. This is possibly what the news report is talking about and what the film is about. This fits the action genre as it gives clues as to what the film could be about. A voice over is used, this time of the young girl. She talks about how the people where she is from calls the UFO 'the others'. An establishing shot is then used to show the town which she is from. The dad is then shown getting ready to leave. He has a big red bag on his back, suggesting he is taking his family to a safer place or that he is running away to find somewhere safer. A close up is then shown of the young girl. This is used to show the panic and fear through her expressions. As the film is called "The 5th Wave" the trailer includes the waves. A black screen is then shown with writing introducing the first wave, This is darkness. A voice over is then used again by the young girl to inform the audience about how these people took their power. A establishing shot is used to show the earth but with the lights turning out. The girl, her brother and her mum are shown standing at a window as in the reflection, the audience can see a plane exploding. This conforms to an action film as its what is expected. The screen then turns to black again with the second wave being shown as 'destruction'. The girls voice is back talking about how they took the cities, which links back to the start as the petrol station is destroyed. A birds eye view shot is shown of inside a building so that the audience can see the amount of people that are rushing into safety. The camera then shows another female through a close up. She is looking up as the camera shows what she is seeing. A wave comes crashing into the glass building which causes it to collapse. The screen then goes black again as the third wave is introduced. This time its infection. The girls voice over is back as she describes this wave. Another birds eye view shot is used to show rows of body bags, suggesting that the people have caused deaths with a virus. The girl is shown walking through a crowd of people with a mask over her mouth and nose so that she is protected from the disease. Another black screen is shown for the fourth wave which is invasion. The girls voice over is back. As she is talking, two people are shown through a long shot walking away, suggesting that they are going to the town in which the film is set. An extreme close up is shown of an eye looking around, possibly in fear because it seems as though that person is hiding. The girl is shown in the middle of a motorway where all the cars have got nobody in. The fifth wave isn't shown in the trailer because the characters do not know what this is. This would engage the audience because they will want to know what it is and if they beat it. The girl is then shown shooting her gun, either because she is scared or she is in danger. The audience is then introduced to another character who is an older boy, suggesting that he isnt her brother. Planes are shown taking off, suggesting that they have gone to fight something somewhere else, or that they are taking people to safer places that do not have these people in. The girls younger brother is shown through a medium shot as he is in the back of a bus. He is banging on the window suggesting that he doesn't want to go. His sister, the girl, is shown to be running after the bus. An over the shoulder shot is then used to show the conversation between the older male and the girl. They are trying to get her brother back. This will also engage the audience as they will want to know if the brother is safely returned to the girl. Other shots, along with faced paced editing, shows helicopters flying around, suggesting that they are looking for these people. A birds eye view shot is used to show all of the natural disasters that have been happening due to these people. As the music starts to get faster, the clips show people running which compliments each other. The last shot is of london bridge falling down by a huge wave hitting it. This gives the audience a clue as to where the film is set. More fast paced editing is used to capture the attention of the audience, this time including shots of running, weaponry and fighting which conforms to the action genre. 

Jersey Boys - film trailer

The opening to the trailer of 'Jersey Boys' starts of with the production credits and the sound of clicking. This suggests that the film is going to be about music. With each click, the production credits change, which is engaging to the audience. It then goes to a black screen with "it all started with a sound" and another sound introduced, which this time sounds like a group using harmonies. Through a high angle shot, 4 characters are shown in a spotlight, suggesting that these are the 4 main characters in the film. The audience also becomes aware that its these 4 men who are singing, meaning that the film focuses on them. It also conforms to a musical genre because of how everything is sung. A lot of fade to blacks have been used with the change of scene. As the scenes change, new sounds are introduced, such as stomping on wood. The next scene is of the words "that became a sensation" and cuts to a scene outside of a theatre, with lots of press around, suggesting that they are a sensation. There is then a long shot of an audience clapping, meaning that they appreciate the music that they have released. A medium shot is used to show one of the male characters, walking across a road. The audience find out that this character is called 'Tommy'. This gives a clue in what the film is about. His voice over is continued into the next few scenes, which shows him causing some trouble. The next scene is of a young woman talking to another male character. He replies to her saying that he is going to be as big as Sinatra, suggesting that he hopes to be a talented singer. Next, Tommy introduces a new singer that he claims to have found, called Frankie Valli, who is a well known singer and will engage the audience as they will have known him. A close up is then shown of Frankie so that the audience can see him. This clip is of him singing suggesting that he is the lead vocalist. Another voice over is used, as another character turns his head, suggesting that this is the man who is talking. Another close up is used to show the man talking. This introduces his character and shows his expressions towards Frankie. A long shot is used to show a black car driving down a road. It then cuts to inside the car, where there is Frankie and an older gentleman talking about how big he could be. A cut is then made to what looks to be a recording studio, and the 4 characters are back together. Another male character is there saying how he would like to produce for them if they are able to find themselves a name. The scene then cuts to the 4 males standing by their car. They then all look up at the sign which is being fixed to see "Four Seasons" suggesting that this might be the name they give themselves. This will engage the audience because everyone knows some of the classic songs from the Four Seasons and therefore will want to see the film to see what it is about. The sound then disappears and then the next scene shows the 4 characters singing into a phone. Another cut is used to the producer who is on the other end of the phone. As he waves to one of his co-workers, it suggests that he likes the sound they have made. He suggests about doubling Frankie's voice. A fade to white is then used to softly show the change to the next scene which is of the 4 characters in red suits, singing on TV and in front of an audience suggesting that they are getting bigger. Shot reverse shot is used when one of the males is shown talking to twins. The background looks as if they are at a party suggesting that they are becoming more well known. The music cuts out as one of the twins begins to talk so that it engages the audience. Another scene is used of them singing with an audience, so that the audience becomes aware of the songs that are included and if they know any of them, they will be more likely to want to see the film. More scenes are shown of them getting more famous because of the popular and different sound they have. The scene cuts out and the music changes to a piano sound, connoting sadness and trouble. The directors name is then shown, which will engage the audience because they might know of some other films that he has directed. Tommy is then shown on his own, getting money off another guy. Frankie is then shown through a close up talking to the elder man, saying that Tommy is in trouble. This suggests that he is asking for help so that he can try and save the band. One of the other male characters is shown through a close up, carrying on talking about the trouble which Tommy is in. None of the characters actually mention what the trouble is, which will engage the audience as they will have heard about this and will want to know how they resolve the problem. Frankie and another male character is shown talking about a partnership instead of working in the band together. Tommy overhears this and the next scenes which are shown through fast paced editing obviously gets mad about this as he is shown to break a chair on a desk. One of the male characters is then shown sitting at a piano writing some music as Frankie is then shown singing, suggesting that this is possibly one of the songs that they have written. The 4 characters are then back together singing in front of a large crowd suggesting that they are big and well known. Some more shots are shown of the film, with a voice over talking about the 4 characters. The shots are of the characters singing and messing about, suggesting to the audience that this is a fun musical film to go and see. The ending is of an announcement saying their name "The Four Seasons" and them taking a bow. This shows that the film is based on a musical and that the audience will love it.